| Choice reaction time | Bacopa reduced choice reaction time compared to placebo; the abstract reports 10.6 ms, with a negative confidence interval. (95% CI -12.1 to -9.2; p<0.001)Benefit seen | 10.6 ms Recorded unit: ms | Sample (as reported): 437 Follow-up: 12 weeks | Meta-analysis · 2014 Study detailsMeta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on cognitive effects of Bacopa monnieri extract. Meta-Analysis |
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| Trail B test time | Bacopa shortened Trail B test time compared to placebo, with a reported difference of -17.9 ms. (95% CI -24.6 to -11.2; p<0.001)Benefit seen | -17.9 ms Recorded unit: ms | Sample (as reported): 437 Follow-up: 12 weeks | Meta-analysis · 2014 Study detailsMeta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on cognitive effects of Bacopa monnieri extract. Meta-Analysis |
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| delayed word recall memory (AVLT) | Bacopa monnieri improved delayed word recall memory (AVLT) compared with placebo in older adults over 12 weeks (n=48).Benefit seen | Not reported Recorded unit: Not reported | Sample (as reported): 48 Follow-up: 12 weeks | Randomised trial · 2008 Study detailsEffects of a standardized Bacopa monnieri extract on cognitive performance, anxiety, and depression in the elderly: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Randomized Controlled Trial |
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| depression (CESD-10) and anxiety (STAI) scores | Depression and anxiety scores improved with Bacopa monnieri but worsened with placebo over 12 weeks in older adults (n=48).Benefit seen | Not reported Recorded unit: Not reported | Sample (as reported): 48 Follow-up: 12 weeks | Randomised trial · 2008 Study detailsEffects of a standardized Bacopa monnieri extract on cognitive performance, anxiety, and depression in the elderly: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Randomized Controlled Trial |
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| Divided Attention Task, WAIS digit task, mood, blood pressure | Bacopa monnieri showed no effect on divided attention, working memory, mood, or blood pressure compared with placebo (n=48).No clear benefit | Not reported Recorded unit: Not reported | Sample (as reported): 48 Follow-up: 12 weeks | Randomised trial · 2008 Study detailsEffects of a standardized Bacopa monnieri extract on cognitive performance, anxiety, and depression in the elderly: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Randomized Controlled Trial |
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| Stroop Task performance | Stroop task performance improved with Bacopa monnieri while the placebo group showed no change over 12 weeks (n=48).Benefit seen | Not reported Recorded unit: Not reported | Sample (as reported): 48 Follow-up: 12 weeks | Randomised trial · 2008 Study detailsEffects of a standardized Bacopa monnieri extract on cognitive performance, anxiety, and depression in the elderly: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Randomized Controlled Trial |
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| Attention and short-term memory | Brahmi did not improve attention or verbal and visual short-term memory compared to placebo.No clear benefit | Not reported Recorded unit: Not reported | Sample (as reported): Seventy-six Follow-up: three months | Randomised trial · 2002 Study detailsChronic effects of Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) on human memory. Randomized Controlled Trial |
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| Everyday memory and anxiety | Brahmi did not improve questionnaire measures of everyday memory or anxiety compared to placebo.No clear benefit | Not reported Recorded unit: Not reported | Sample (as reported): Seventy-six Follow-up: three months | Randomised trial · 2002 Study detailsChronic effects of Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) on human memory. Randomized Controlled Trial |
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| Retention of newly learned information | Brahmi improved retention of new information compared to placebo; the abstract gives no effect size.Benefit seen | Not reported Recorded unit: Not reported | Sample (as reported): Seventy-six Follow-up: three months | Randomised trial · 2002 Study detailsChronic effects of Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) on human memory. Randomized Controlled Trial |
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