Also known as Trigonella foenum-graecum
Legume seed containing furostanolic saponins studied for modest increases in free testosterone and libido in men; used traditionally to support lactation and post-meal blood glucose control.
We link to relevant studies and leave interpretation to you and your healthcare professional.
Number of audited published findings for Fenugreek by condition. Drill into a pair page for the full breakdown.
Where people report using it and what trials suggest
Common claims the trials do not support
Seed with culinary and traditional-medicine use; metabolic signals exist but testosterone/libido claims are weak.
Safety notes: Maple-syrup body odour harmless; may affect uterine tone — avoid pregnancy; interacts with warfarin and diabetes meds.
Evidence grades reflect study quality and consistency, not marketing claims.
Summaries of published trial results for this compound, grouped by condition. Numbers are reported exactly as the researchers published them — we never calculate or convert.
How to read this table
In short: benefit is what was observed; evidence is how much you should trust the observation. A “Benefit seen” tag on a weak study counts for far less than the same tag on a meta-analysis.
| Outcome measured | What trials found | Effect size | People studied | Duration | Type of evidence | Study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fasting glucose | Fenugreek lowered fasting glucose compared to control interventions, with a mean change difference of -0.96 mmol/l. (95% CI: -1.52, -0.40)Benefit seen | -0.96 mmol/l | — | — | Meta-analysis · 2014 | PMID 24438170 |
| HbA1c | Fenugreek lowered HbA1c compared to control interventions, with a mean change difference of -0.85%. (95% CI: -1.49%, -0.22%)Benefit seen | -0.85% mean change difference | — | — | Meta-analysis · 2014 | PMID 24438170 |
Associated conditions and community-reported outcomes, wrapped together on one page. Aggregates appear only once enough reports arrive.
How this compound is sold in the UK, and where our readers typically find it.
Retailer search links — we may earn commission on purchases at no cost to you. Commission never affects our evidence ratings.
| Postload glucose |
| Fenugreek lowered postload glucose compared to control interventions, with a mean change difference of -2.19 mmol/l. (95% CI: -3.19, -1.19)Benefit seen |
| -2.19 mmol/l |
| — |
| — |
| Meta-analysis · 2014 |
| PMID 24438170 |
| Fasting glucose with Ipomoea batatas | Ipomoea batatas lowered fasting glucose compared to placebo, with a mean difference of -10.20 mg/dL. (95% CI -5.32 mg/dL to -15.08 mg/dL; P<0.0001)Benefit seen | -10.20 mg/dL | — | — | Meta-analysis · 2011 | PMID 21843614 |
| Fasting glucose with milk thistle | Milk thistle lowered fasting glucose compared to placebo, with a mean difference of -38.05 mg/dL. (95% CI -9.54 mg/dL to -66.57 mg/dL; P = 0.009)Benefit seen | -38.05 mg/dL | — | — | Meta-analysis · 2011 | PMID 21843614 |
| Glycemic control with cinnamon | Cinnamomum cassia did not improve glycemic control compared to placebo.No clear benefit | no number reported | — | — | Meta-analysis · 2011 | PMID 21843614 |
| HbA(1c) with fenugreek | Fenugreek lowered HbA(1c) compared to placebo, with a mean difference of -1.13%. (95% CI -0.11% to -2.14%; P = 0.03)Benefit seen | -1.13% mean difference | — | — | Meta-analysis · 2011 | PMID 21843614 |
| HbA(1c) with Ipomoea batatas | Ipomoea batatas lowered HbA(1c) compared to placebo, with a mean difference of -0.30%. (95% CI -0.04% to -0.57%; P = 0.02)Benefit seen | -0.30% mean difference | — | — | Meta-analysis · 2011 | PMID 21843614 |
| HbA(1c) with milk thistle | Milk thistle lowered HbA(1c) compared to placebo, with a mean difference of -1.92%. (95% CI -0.51% to -3.32%; P = 0.008)Benefit seen | -1.92% mean difference | — | — | Meta-analysis · 2011 | PMID 21843614 |
| fasting blood glucose (FBG) | Apple cider vinegar reduced fasting blood glucose by SMD -28.99 vs placebo in 3130 people. (p < 0.05)Benefit seen | -28.99 SMD | 3130 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37451111 |
| fasting blood glucose (FBG) | Cinnamon reduced fasting blood glucose by SMD -9.73 vs placebo in 3130 people. (p < 0.05)Benefit seen | -9.73 SMD | 3130 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37451111 |
| fasting blood glucose (FBG) | Curcumin reduced fasting blood glucose by SMD -13.15 vs placebo in 3130 people. (p < 0.05)Benefit seen | -13.15 SMD | 3130 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37451111 |
| fasting blood glucose (FBG) | Fenugreek reduced fasting blood glucose by SMD -19.64 vs placebo in 3130 people. (p < 0.05)Benefit seen | -19.64 SMD | 3130 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37451111 |
| HbA1C | Apple cider vinegar reduced HbA1C by SMD -2.10 vs placebo in 3130 people.Benefit seen | -2.10 SMD | 3130 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37451111 |
| HbA1C | Fenugreek seeds reduced HbA1C by SMD 0.84 vs placebo in 3130 people.Benefit seen | 0.84 SMD | 3130 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37451111 |
| 2 h plasma glucose during OGTT (2-hPG) | Fenugreek significantly reduced 2-hour plasma glucose compared to control in 706 participants.Benefit seen | no number reported | 706 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37762302 |
| Body mass index (BMI) | Fenugreek showed no significant difference in BMI compared to control in 706 participants.No clear benefit | no number reported | 706 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37762302 |
| Fasting blood glucose (FBG) | Fenugreek significantly reduced fasting blood glucose compared to control in 706 participants.Benefit seen | no number reported | 706 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37762302 |
| Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) | Fenugreek significantly reduced HbA1c compared to control in 706 participants.Benefit seen | no number reported | 706 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37762302 |
| High density lipoprotein (HDL-C) | Fenugreek significantly improved HDL-C compared to control in 706 participants.Benefit seen | no number reported | 706 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37762302 |
| Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) | Fenugreek did not significantly decrease HOMA-IR compared to control in 706 participants.No clear benefit | no number reported | 706 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37762302 |
| Low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) | Fenugreek showed no significant difference in LDL-C compared to control in 706 participants.No clear benefit | no number reported | 706 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37762302 |
| Total cholesterol (TC) | Fenugreek significantly improved total cholesterol compared to control in 706 participants.Benefit seen | no number reported | 706 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37762302 |
| Triglyceride (TG) | Fenugreek significantly improved triglycerides compared to control in 706 participants.Benefit seen | no number reported | 706 | — | Systematic review · 2023 | PMID 37762302 |
| Glycemic control (best evidence among Iranian antidiabetic plants) | Among Iranian antidiabetic plants tested in RCTs, Trigonella foenum-graecum showed the best evidence for glycemic control vs control.Benefit seen | no number reported | — | — | Systematic review · 2011 | PMID 22071637 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol | HDL cholesterol increased by 21.7% vs metformin in 57 patients over one month. (P < 0.001)Benefit seen | 21.7% | 57 | one month | RCT · 2019 | PMID 31583253 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol | LDL cholesterol decreased by 23.4% vs metformin in 57 patients over one month. (P < 0.001)Benefit seen | 23.4% | 57 | one month | RCT · 2019 | PMID 31583253 |
| Total cholesterol | Total cholesterol decreased by 13.6% vs metformin in 57 patients over one month. (P < 0.001)Benefit seen | 13.6% | 57 | one month | RCT · 2019 | PMID 31583253 |
| Triglyceride | Triglycerides decreased by 23.53% vs metformin in 57 patients over one month. (P < 0.05)Benefit seen | 23.53% | 57 | one month | RCT · 2019 | PMID 31583253 |
| Outcome measured | What trials found | Effect size | People studied | Duration | Type of evidence | Study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estradiol (E2) | Estradiol levels significantly increased with fenugreek (Libifem) compared with placebo over 8 weeks.Benefit seen | no number reported | 80 | 8 weeks | RCT · 2015 | PMID 25914334 |
| Free testosterone | Free testosterone significantly increased with fenugreek (Libifem) compared with placebo over 8 weeks.Benefit seen | no number reported | 80 | 8 weeks | RCT · 2015 | PMID 25914334 |
| Sexual arousal | Sexual arousal significantly increased with fenugreek (Libifem) compared with placebo over 8 weeks.Benefit seen | no number reported | 80 | 8 weeks | RCT · 2015 | PMID 25914334 |
| Sexual desire | Sexual desire significantly increased with fenugreek (Libifem) compared with placebo over 8 weeks.Benefit seen | no number reported | 80 | 8 weeks | RCT · 2015 | PMID 25914334 |